Tower of Pisa was built has a Cathedral tower in Italy back in 1173. The tower was laid on a flawed foundation which is the cause behind its leaning. The tower was designed by Bonanno Pisano. The support that the tower had was too lose which became the reason why it started leaning.

Back then the Tower of Pisa was known as a reputable work of art. It is based on Roman architecture and has 7 bell chambers. Many people have suggested correcting the lean of the Tower but that is what makes it special. It has been restored in a way that the walls were discolored and the lean was corrected from 5.9 to 3.99 degrees.

The Tower of Pisa was built 800 years ago and it is so well preserved that even today people can not only visit the tower but also visit inside. It almost looks exactly the same when it was built other than the fact that it leans 3.9 instead of 5.99 now.

It is not that difficult to get to Pisa at all since it has its own airport and many European countries can fly to that airport and some of the American airlines too. There is also a hotel over there where you can stay which has a view to the Tower of Pisa, the hotels are expensive their because of the tourist attraction.

The water of these hydrothermal vents is full of minerals, metals and is super heated because of the volcanic activities; the temperature can reach up to 400 °C. The hydrothermal vents were discovered first in 1970s and that hydrothermal vent that they discovered was full of crabs, fish, shrimps, slugs and many more sea animals. Hydrothermal vents do not use sunlight but use hydrogen sulfide to keep the sea creatures alive. Absence of sunlight does keep the organisms alive as the creatures live on the nutrients rain on the upper ocean level, plus the sources created by the hydrothermal chimneys.

Bacteria are produced in the hydrothermal vents and hence most of the organisms in these hydrothermal vents survive on this bacterium. As the process of chemosynthesis occurs there, that means organisms can make sugar from chemicals and these bacterium can easily do that. Hydrothermal vents are also known for inhabiting different tube warms which absorb nutrients directly from their tissues, plus the famous BLIND CRABS are also found most in the hydrothermal vents, as they cannot see because there is no light in these hydrothermal vents.

Ecuador is the birth place of hydrothermal vents, and in the study of all ocean sciences this place is the origin, when the Deep Hydrothermal vent of Ecuador was discovered in 19767 the scientists traveled over 2,900 meters below the surface of ocean and in that hydrothermal vent there were found huge geologic plates that moved apart, and on each movement the hot magma moves upward. These Hydrothermal vents are like if you can feel the temperature of a super huge furnace right at the bottom of an ocean, and because of this heat produced in there, there are strange and many different millions of species of animals and microbial life is down there.

When you look at any hydrothermal vent you might see a cloud of black material from a black chimney, well this is the black smoker or a sea vent which emits huge particles of sulfur bearing minerals. The black smokers are because of the highly heated water that comes from the earth’s crust after these geologic plates move and when this hot water and the freezing water combines there becomes this cloud of black material from a chimney, and even in such a high temperature there are bacteria that can survive up to 100 degrees Celsius.

Hydrothermal Vents are one of the best discoveries of the world so far and no doubt they are addition to the wonders of the world.

Chichen Itza

The site provides multitude of architectural styles. It was one of the largest Maya cities and it can be one of the great mythical cities. It is one of the most visited archeological sites in Mexico and is a major tourist attraction.

Wonder of the world Chichen Itza has a history of 1000 years and many have left their marks on it. There stone monuments and artistic work is the major attraction for tourists from around the world. Several buildings have survived and come under the world heritage UNESCO. These places include the Warrior’s temple, El Castillo and the circular observatory called El Caracol.

Major tourism is witnessed in Chichen Itza for a century now. A day trip to these sites can be made on a tour bus which is widely available. Chichen Itza’s El Castillo pyramid was named one of the new Seven Wonders of the World. This happened with the help of a worldwide vote. It is estimated that due to this the tourism will double in Chichen Itza in 2012.

Due to the world heritage rules a lot of these sites have been closed for public access but they can still walk around them. This step is necessary in order to preserve these historical sites. The tourists are not allowed to climb the sites or go inside the chamber now. The most recent site which was closed was El Castillo.

Chichen Itza is an amazing place if you have a knack for historical places and world heritage sites.

Stonehenge was produced by a culture that left no written records. Many aspects of Stonehenge remain subject to debate. This multiplicity of theories, some of them very colorful, is often called the mystery of Stonehenge.

The outside circle of Stonehenge includes 17 enormous upright trimmed stones its historical significance called Sarsen. Some of these stones paired with a lintel over the top. This circle is about 30 meters (100 feet) in diameter, and, stands in height about 5 meters (16 feet).A great number of historians  agreed that construction of Stonehenge have been taken place in three phases.

Stonehenge 1

The first Stonehenge was a large earthwork comprising a ditch, bank, and the Aubrey holes, all probably built around 3100 BC. They form a circle about 284 feet in diameter. Excavations have human bones in some of the chalk filling, but the holes themselves were probably made, not for the purpose of graves, but as part of the religious ceremony. Shortly after this stage Stonehenge was abandoned, left untouched for over 1000 years.

Stonehenge 2

The second and most dramatic stage of Stonehenge started around 2150 BC. Some 82 bluestones from the Preseli Mountains, in south-west Wales were transported to the site. It is thought these stones, some weighing 4 tons each were dragged on rollers and sledges to the headwaters on Milford Haven and then loaded onto rafts. The final stage of the journey was mainly by water, down the river Wylye to Salisbury, then the Salisbury Avon to west Amesbury. This astonishing journey covers nearly 240 miles.

Stonehenge 3

The third stage of Stonehenge, about 2000 BC, saw the arrival of the Sarsen stones, which were almost certainly brought from the Marlborough Downs near Avebury, in north Wiltshire, about 25 miles north of Stonehenge. The largest of the Sarsen stones transported to Stonehenge weigh 50 tones and transportation by water would have been impossible, the stones could only have been moved using sledges and ropes. Modern calculations show that it would have taken 500 men using leather ropes to pull one stone, with extra 100 men needed to lay the huge rollers in front of the sledge.

Current Consensus

The current consensus is that Stonehenge was used as a burial site. Archaeologists have found skeletal remains at the site dated to a 500-year period beginning in 3000 B.C. One dubbed the site a “domain of the dead” and say the bodies found likely belong to a select group of elite ancient people. It’s the most solid evidence yet, but it doesn’t preclude Stonehenge having a dual purpose as an astrological calendar or as a religious site.

If we talk about the dimension of Christ the Redeemer statue, then you will be wonder to listen that it is 130 feet tall, with a 31 foot pedestal & 98 feet wise. The weight of Christ the Redeemer statue is in tons, 625 in longs tons & 700 in short tons; totally its weight is 635 tonnes.

After a long time of years of discussions’ 1859 to 1927, finally Christ the Redeemer statue started too built in 1927. After a tough competition of models, the project by Heitor da Silve Costa was chosen and then the national campaign was organized for its making. The stone which was chosen to build, it is soapstone. Soapstone was easy to work with and easy to form than other materials. The construction of Christ the Redeemer statue was started in 1922 and lasted in 1931.

This wonder of the world is sign of Welcome in one way, when people enter the city of Rio. The cost estimation of the statue when it was build in 1931, was $250,000 but if this would be construct in current era it might go to the cost 3.1 million dollars. And it is a roughly estimation it might take more.

The unmemorable moments are, when people stand at the base of Christ the Redeemer statue and see the breathtaking view of Rio de Janeiro and also the others like Copacabana, Ipanema, Leblon, Flamengo, Botancial Gardens and Botofogo. To see the statue and surrounding landscape’s view, only 20mins of train ride to get up to the base of Christ the Redeemer statue.

Brazilian people are really fond of Christ the Redeemer statue, as they love their, this asset. And not only Brazilian people, tourist from all over the world go Rio de Janeiro to visit this incredible statue. People enjoy there a lot. Many of photographers have taken breathtaking photos of this one of the most known wonder of the world.

President Obama with family went Brazil to visit Christ the Redeemer statue, they went to see it in night time. And it is said that best time to see these amazing scenes are early morning and just before darkness. If you have chance or you can afford then must visit the Christ the Redeemer statue one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Also Read here wonder of the World – Great Wall of China.

The city of Petra, Jordan is a whole culture and civilization which cannot be compared with any other city in the world. This is one of those wonders of the world which were lost for a long time. It was rediscovered in the 18^th century to be restored expertly to turn it into its older, majestic self. Petra, Jordan gradually found its way into the 7 wonders of the world ad experts all over the world realized that it was one of those things which are un-comparable.

The word Petra means “Rock”, which hardly seems co-incidental because the whole city of Petra, Jordan is built with Sandstone on the face of a stretch of cliffs, which is what makes it unique. As research un-earthed lost facts, we came to know that the civilization which dwelled in this city was known by the name of Nabateans. The Nabateans were a Nation who lived on trade, and they were the ones who built Petra, Jordan.

Since, the Nabateans are known to have inhabited the Peru’s area from the Red Sea to Dead Sea, they seemed to have secured routes for trade to the Capital of Peru of the time; Petra City.

Petra city was probably one of the driest cities of the world and it is hard to imagine how a city with more than 20,000 inhabitants survived without easy access to water.

The City

With huge red mountains, and a beauty which has to be seen with one’s own eyes to be truly appreciated, Petra, Jordan is a place unlike any other. One of the 7 wonders of the world, Petra Jordan, is not only a great tourist attraction but also the most valuable treasure for Jordan itself.

The city entrance is through a Siq, which is quite a wonder in itself. Amidst high cliffs, it is built with rocks and colors which is enough to make your eyes pop out of their sockets. Walking through the Siq is a whole experience itself. As you cross it, you come face to face with Al-Khazneh. Built with rocks, it is a huge tomb built for a long-lost Nabatean king.

The wonders of the city do not end here. In case you are planning to visit this one of the most amazing wonders of world, it is wise to spare a whole week to really explore Petra, Jordan.

Machu Picchu meaning ‘Old Peak’ is one of the most fascinating sites in the world located at an altitude of about 8000 feet. It is a small city in Andes that lies about 44 miles northwest of Cuzco and is about 3000 feet above the Urubamba Valley. It was built around 1450 by the Inca ruler Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui.

Machu Picchu was built in classical Inca style having polished dry-stone walls. Its main three buildings are the “Intihuatana”, “the Temple of the Sun”, and the “Room of the Three Windows”. It was thought as a sacred, ritual city and an astronomical observation site. Its largest peak was called ‘Huayna Picchu’ and is known as the “hitching post of the sun.” Today, Machu Picchu in Peru has become top tourist attraction attracting millions of visitors every year.

When to go to Machu Picchu, Peru:
Peru has two seasons: the rainy season and the dry season. Dry season falls between May and September and is best time to visit Machu Picchu as during these months crowd is less and soon high season comes.

Where to live close to Machu Picchu, Peru:

The hotels near to Machu Picchu, Peru are:

• Inkaterra Machu Picchu
• Hatuchay Tower Machu Picchu
• Machu Picchu Sanctuary Lodge
• Hanaqpacha Inn Hotel
• Sumaq Machu Pichu Hotel, San SEBASTIáN
• Hotel Boutique La Cabana

Presidente:

• Rupawasi – Condor House
• Pirwa Hostels Machu Picchu
• Gringo Bill’s Hotel

Where to go at the Machu Picchu, Peru:

Top attractions near Machu Picchu, Peru to visit are:

• The Sacred Valley or the Inca Trail
• Museo de Historia Natural
• City of Arequipa
• Plaza de Armas
• Museo de Arte Virreinal de Santa Teresa

What to do at the Machu Picchu, Peru:

Things to do at Machu Picchu, Peru are:

• Huayna Picchu
• Cola de Mono Zipline
• Winawayna
• Gate of the Sun (Intipuncu)
• Moon Temple
• Temple of the Sun
• Temple of the Three Windows
• Paucarcancha Ruins
• Puyapatamarca
• Llaqtapata
• Intihuatana Stone
• Sayacmarca
• The Ruins of Intipata

The Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China extends from Shanhaiguan in the east, to Lop Nur in the west that outlines the southern edge of Inner Mongolia through an arc. Locals call this huge wall as ‘Wan Li Changcheng’ in Chinese language meaning ‘the Great Wall of 10,000 Li’ (1 Li = ½ km). It stretches approximately 8,851.8 kilometers (5,500 miles) from east to west of China and is made up of 6,259.6 km (3,889.5 mi) sections of actual wall, 2,232.5 km (1,387.2 mi) of natural defensive barriers like hills and rivers and of 359.7 km (223.5 mi) long trenches. Henry Norman, a liberal politician, stated about Great Wall of China in 1895, a “besides its age it enjoys the reputation of being the only work of human hands on the globe visible from the moon.”

The Great Wall of China was a first ever series of walls constructed from masonry, stones, rocks and packed earth material as a fortification in northern China. During the Qin Dynasty, it was basically designed and built to defend the northern borders of the Chinese Empire against invasion by Mongol nomads. Thus several walls have been constructed, rebuilt and maintained from 5th century BC to the 16th century that are collectively known as the Great Wall of China that has played a vital role in many historical battles. It is on the average 8-10 meters high (27 – 32 feet) and 5 meters (16 feet) wide.

It is the marvelous structure in the world acknowledged for its architectural magnificence and symbolizes Chinese wisdom and power to date. Due to its various features the Great Wall of China has become one of the major tourist attractions around the world.

When to go the Great Wall of China:
As the Great Wall of China is on the mountains so every season offers best view. However, the best time to visit Great Wall of China is spring when surroundings look so fresh and crowd of tourists is also less.

Where to live close to the Great Wall of China:

The hotels near to the Great Wall of China are:

• The Emperor Hotel
• Swissotel Beijing
• Novotel Xinqiao Beijing
• Beijing Traditional View Hotel
• Raffles Beijing Hotel
• Beijing Double Happiness Courtyard Hotel

Where to go at the Great Wall of China:

• Badaling
• Mutianyu
• Simatai
• Shixiaguan
• Shanxi region
• Gansu region
• Mutianyu wall

What to do at the Great Wall of China:

• Famous yearly Dragon Boat
• Trek for two days and toboggan down
• Hang onto the railings while climb up the Hanging
• Terracotta Warriors
• Hanging Monastery
• 50,000 Buddha Caves
• Tiananmen Square
• Great Wall Camping in Ming Dynasty Chestnut Garden.

Taj Mahal was built in 1653 by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan as a mausoleum for his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal when the Mughals were ruling the subcontinent. Taj Mahal is located in Agra, India and in 1983; it became a part of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

The architecture and overall establishment of Taj Mahal is one of the finest examples for Mughal tastes and preferences when it came to grand architecture. At Taj Mahal, one can clearly find an amalgam of fine Persian, Indian and Muslim architecture. Even at that time, an entire board of architects was made in order to build Taj Mahal to perfection and maintain the ultimate refinement in each nook and cranny of its entire structure. The divine beauty of Taj Mahal is wonderfully depicted by the extensive use of highest quality white marble as a major element for its construction.

Many Arabic Sayings from the Holy Quran are engraved at various places inside Taj Mahal part from thousands of intricate designs in shape of nets, plants, flowers and abstract are made inside Taj Mahal using the most exquisite minerals and precious natural stones. The exterior of Taj Mahal is as mesmerizing as its inside. On all sides, Taj Mahal is surrounding by lush green gardens and beautiful grand fountains. The gorgeous flowerbeds surrounding the pretty pathways make the tourist feel the royalty associated with it when they walk on them.

When to go to
February, November and October are the most preferable months for visiting Taj Mahal.

Summer season is not a preferable time for visiting Taj Mahal.

Friday is not a good day to visit as the visiting are very restricted on Fridays and in the holy month of Ramadan, Taj Mahal remains close on Fridays.

Where to live

There are great hotels at economical rates close to Taj Mahal where you can ideally plan your stay while visiting Taj Mahal. There is in fact a wide variety of hotels while visiting Taj Mahal ranging from budget hotels to the most luxurious five start hotels.

The major nearby hotels are:
• Hotel Blue Bell
• The Oberoi
• The Metropolitan
• Hotel Gautam Deluxe

Where to go
• The mausoleum
• Roof Terrace
• The Minarets
• Garden Wall Pavilions
• The Great Gate
• Royal Gardens
• Terraces
• Marble Platform

What to do
• Taj Mahal shows its different shades within each part of the day, therefore visiting it at all times during sunset, sunrise, and night is highly preferable.
• Souvenir shopping
• Camel Ride
• Special Mughal food dinner and lunch

Eiffel Tower

The Eiffel Tower is said to be among the 7 wonders of the world. Its nickname the “iron lady” is a puddle iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris. Eiffel tower was constructed in 1889. It is not only a monument of France but it is also one of the most recognizable structures in the world. This tower is also the most popular tourist attraction. Millions of people ascend it every year. The name Eiffel was kept after its designer Gustave Eiffel, who was an engineer by profession.

The height of the tower is 324 meters (1,063 ft), approximately its height would be same as 81-storey building. At the time of its completion, it took away the title of the “tallest monument of the world” from Washington Monument as it exceeded its height. Till 41 years no one could beat this record until a building made in New York City named Chrysler Building was constructed. Once again, after the addition of an antenna the Eiffel tower is now taller than the Chrysler Building. Approximately 200,000,000 people have visited the Eiffel tower since its construction in 1889. The tower is the most popular monument in the world.

Eiffel Tower Location and Contact Info:

• Located: On the Champ de Mars in the 7th arrondissement ( midwest Paris )
• Metro: Bir Hakeim or Trocadero ( Line 6 ), Ecole Militaire ( Line 8 )
• RER: Champs de Mars-Tour Eiffel ( Line C )
• Buses: 42, 69, 72, 82, 87
• Taxi station: Quai Branly, Pilier West
• Phone: 33 (0) 1 44 11 23 23
• Visit the official website

Nearby sights and attractions:

• Hotel des Invalides and Napoleon’s tomb
• Rodin Museum
• Ecole Militaire
• The Champs-Elysees and the Arc de Triomphe

Eiffel Tower Opening Hours:

January 1st to June 14

• Tower: 9:30 a.m. to 11:00 p.m.
• Elevator: 9:30 a.m. to 11:45 p.m. (Final ascension 11:00 p.m./10:30 p.m. top floor)
• Stairs: 9:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. (Final admission at 6:00 p.m.)

These are three great pyramids of Giza standing with a tranquil elegance at the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt and are the most ancient architectural monument built around 2700-2500 BC at Giza during the fourth dynasty. But the greatest and largest of these three is the ‘Pyramid of Khufu’ also called as the Pyramid of Cheops that stands as the tallest man made structure in the world living for over 3,800 years. It was built as burial place of fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu and was thus named so. The height of the pyramid is 475 ft and has a base area of 52,400 sqm. Other two pyramids are of pharaohs Khfare, and Menkaure.

Each rock used in the construction of the great pyramid of Giza weighs more than 2 tons and assimilates more than 2 million as such rocks; the only pyramid in Egypt known to have both ascending and descending passages is also the great Pyramid of Khufu.

Today, the great pyramids of Giza are the most popular and known tourist attraction around the globe that are visited by thousands of tourists every day.

When to go the great pyramids of Giza, Egypt:

To have adventure of great pyramids of Giza in Egypt, September to November (the fall) and February to April (the spring) are best seasons. Whereas summer is the only time to avoid visit.

Where to live close to the great pyramids of Giza, Egypt:

Featured hotels near to the great pyramids of Giza, Egypt include:

• Le Meridien Pyramids
• Pyramisa Suites Hotel & Casino Cairo
• Sheraton Cairo
• Sofitel El Gezirah Cairo
• Kempinski Nile Hotel, Cairo

Where to go at the great pyramids of Giza, Egypt:

• Great Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops)
• Solar Barque Museum
• Pyramid of Khafre (Chephren)
• Pyramid of Menkaure (Mycerinus)
• Sphinx and the Temple of the Sphinx
• Queens’ Pyramids and Nobles’ Tombs
• The Egyptian Perfume Palace

What to do at the great pyramids of Giza, Egypt:

• Climbing Chephren during Ramadan
• Mycerinus
• Go inside the Great Pyramid
• Sound and Light Show

The Flavian emperors Vespasian and Titus constructed the largest amphitheatre ever in the Roman Empire, the Colosseum or Coliseum in Italy from 72-80AD and was originally named as the Amphitheatrum Flavium (Flavian Amphitheater) after their name.

The Colosseum in Rome, Italy is a part of UNESCO World Heritage Centre in Rome and also received privilege of being one of the New 7 Wonders of the World in 2007.

One of the Rome’s most popular tourist attractions and must visit destination; It is also among the greatest works of Roman architecture and engineering as the2, 000 years before elliptical design concept of Colosseum still stands as inspiring design for modern sports stadium.

The Colosseum in Rome, Italy was used for gladiatorial wars, capable of seating 50,000 spectators at a time and was reused later as a fortress, a quarry and a pantheon. In modern times it has been used for re-enactments of famous battles and dramas that were based on classical Roman mythology. However, with in 21st century some of its parts are partially devastated by earthquakes but it still ranks as an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome.

When to go the Colosseum, Italy

Roman Colosseum is an open air auditorium that’s why rains of autumn and winter bring some problems. Also the summer is scorching in Colosseum. So spring is better time to visit Colosseum.

Where to live close to the Colosseum, Italy

• Featured hotels near to the Colosseum, Italy include:
• Royal House
• Hotel Capo d’Africa
• Grand Hotel Palatino
• Hotel Edera

Where to go at the Colosseum, Italy

• Vatican Museums
• Florence Day Trip from Rome
• Capri Day Trip from Rome
• Naples and Pompeii Day Trip from Rome
• Vatican Museums, Sistine Chapel and St Peter’s Basilica Half-Day Walking Tour

What to do at the Colosseum, Italy

• Rome Segway Tour
• Crypts and Roman Catacombs Small Group Walking Tour
• Taste of Italy Food Tour to Chianti and Umbria from Rome
• Rome Hop-on Hop-off Double Decker Bus Tour